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Welfare advocates argued it was unnecessary suffering. Rights advocates argued it was a violation of bodily autonomy. Result: The EU, UK, India, and California have banned the sale of animal-tested cosmetics.

Animal welfare refers to the physical and psychological well-being of animals. It encompasses the conditions in which animals live, their access to food, water, shelter, and healthcare, as well as their treatment by humans. The primary goal of animal welfare is to ensure that animals are treated humanely and with respect, minimizing their suffering and promoting their overall quality of life.